内容提要：2008年1月1日新《劳动合同法》正式生效，该法明确规定企业应该与工人（包括农民工）签订书面劳动合同，增强了对工人的劳动保护，加大了对违法企业的惩处力度。本文采用新法生效前后对珠三角农民工开展的调研数据，利用农民工第一次签订书面合同的回顾信息，分析法律实施对农民工劳动关系以及社会保险覆盖的影响。实证结果表明，新《劳动合同法》的施行提高了农民工的书面合同签订率，进一步提升了农民工的社会保险覆盖率，降低了拖欠农民工工资的发生率，与此同时，农民工工作企业的工会覆盖率也有所上升。

关键词：劳动合同法、农民工、劳动权益

How Does China's New Labor Contract Law Affect Floating Workers?

Li Xiaoying1 & Richard Freeman2

（Sun Yat-sen University1 & Harvard University and NBER2）

Abstract： China's new Labor Contract Law took effect on January 2008 and required firms to give migrant workers written contracts， strengthened labor protections for workers and contained penalties for firms that did not follow the labor codeThis paper uses survey data of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta before and after the law and a retrospective question on when workers received their first labor contract to assess the effects of the law on labor outcomesThe evidence shows that the new law increased the percentage of migrant workers with written contracts， which in turn raised social insurance coverage， reduced the likelihood of wage arrears， and raised the likelihood that the worker had a union at their workplace.

Keywords: Labor Contract Law， floating workers， labor rights

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李小瑛，中山大学港澳珠江三角洲研究中心，电子邮箱：lixiaoyingcq@gmail.com；

Richard Freeman，哈佛大学经济系和美国国家经济研究局（NBER），电子邮箱：rbfreeman@gmail.com

本论文曾在第11届国际经济学会全球大会（IEA2011）和英国伦敦政治经济学院《英国劳动关系杂志》50周年全球大会上进行报告，感谢与会者的修改意见。论文得到了Cheung Yan家庭基金、国家社会科学基金项目（批准号：12BJY044）、国家自然科学青年科学基金项目（批准号：71303266）、粤科基办字（2013）3号的资助。文责自负。

文章出处：劳动经济研究，2014年第2卷第3期